Welcome to the September–October 2009 Safe Start e-Newsletter. In this issue, we highlight the newly released OJJDP report of the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence that measures the past-year and lifetime exposure to violence for children age 17 and younger across several major categories. We also announce the publication of 3 new research to practice briefs based on findings from Safe Start programs. Visit our newly redesigned Web site at www.safestartcenter.org to access these publications and other resources to assist you in your work for children exposed to violence and their families.
CEV and Safe Start in the News
Current news related to the impact of exposure to family and community violence on children and their families
Events/Announcements
Conferences, funding opportunities and related initiatives in the news
From the Field
Spotlight on a community initiative to prevent and reduce the impact of domestic and community violence on children
In the Limelight
Research to Practice
Using research to guide service delivery and policy
Featured Resource
A publication, video, curriculum, or other resource that supports evidence-based practice for children exposed to violence
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Online Resources/Publications
Print and media resources for professionals and families
Related Links
Contact Us
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CEV AND SAFE START IN THE NEWS |
Majority of kids in the US exposed to violence in their daily lives–The National Survey of Children Exposed to Violence
Children's Exposure to Violence – A Comprehensive National Survey (NatSCEV), released on October 7, was commissioned by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The survey measured the incidence and extent of violence in children's lives. The survey's authors defined exposure to violence as being a victim, or having witnessed violence, or learning about violence against a relative, friend, or hearing about a threat to their school or home.
The NatSCEV is the first survey to provide comprehensive data about where violence touches the lives of children across age groups and across settings. The authors contend that earlier studies of violence exposure only inquired about individual crimes – looking only at bullying or child maltreatment or sexual abuse. In contrast, this study asked about all such exposures as well as additional ones that are rarely, if ever, covered such as dating violence and witnessing domestic violence.
The survey shows that the problem is indeed of epidemic proportions. The researchers found that more than 60 percent of children were exposed to violence in the past year, either directly or indirectly. Almost half of that number were assaulted at least once in that period. One in 10 had suffered some form of child maltreatment – abuse or neglect – and 1 in 16 was victimized sexually. And it was far from uncommon to hear of multiple victimizations. Almost 40 percent of all children experienced 2 or more direct victimizations in the previous year.
Among the survey's other findings:
- Nearly one in ten children said they saw one family member assault another in the past year.
- More than one-half of the children, about 57 percent, reported having been assaulted at some point in their life.
- Thirteen percent reported having been physically bullied in the last year.
View the press release or download a report of the survey.
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Exposure to violence perpetuates a cycle in which today's victims become tomorrow's criminals, says Eric Holder
On October 7, Attorney General Eric Holder joined with the Secretary of Education and Chicago city officials to call for a national conversation on values to address youth violence in the wake of the fatal beating of a Chicago high school student. Holder announced the release of the first comprehensive national study of children's exposure to violence, NatSCEV, and cited key findings. The study found that more than a third of the children had had two or more different kinds of violent exposures in the past year and 11 percent had five or more. "These numbers are astonishing, and they are unacceptable. We simply cannot stand for an epidemic of violence that robs our youth of their childhood and perpetuates a cycle in which today's victims become tomorrow's criminals," Holder said.
Previous studies have missed the fact that there is a surprisingly large group of very repeatedly and variously victimized kids whom we should be doing a better job to help and protect. The survey results point out the urgent need for teachers, police, doctors, counselors, and parents to ask children about a broader range of possible victimization experiences, especially children who had been identified as victims already. They also demonstrate the need for new efforts to create safer schools, homes and other youth environments. View a summary of NatSCEV including description of OJJDP's Safe Start initiative.
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"Children's exposure to violence is a public health issue, it requires a public approach" Attorney General Eric Holder tells pediatricians
Citing recently published findings from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention's (OJJDP) National Survey of Children Exposed to Violence, the Attorney General described them as "a wake-up" call that we cannot afford to ignore and "one that I will not ignore." Holder spoke at the American Academy of Pediatrics Annual Conference on October 19.
Holder challenged pediatricians to recognize that children's exposure to violence is a public health issue that requires a public health approach. This means calling attention to the problem and raising awareness of the social costs of this disease called violence. It means attacking it at its source – addressing not simply the effects manifested in the child, but also in the family and the environment in which that child lives. It means treating the cause, not just the symptoms.
One of OJJDP's goals is to work with health care providers, especially pediatricians, to recognize manifestations of children's exposure. These signs may be as obvious as a physical injury or as subtle as a mild cognitive impairment. Neither is a definitive sign of exposure to violence, of course, but a process for screening can be effective in determining what may be going on with that child and how best to address it. OJJDP's Safe Start Initiative has developed a series of publications, including one specifically for pediatric care providers that highlights some of the promising approaches for dealing with children who may be victims or witnesses of violence. Download the speech or view Attorney General Holder's remarks on youth violence in the C-SPAN Video Library. (Discussion of Safe Start begins three minutes into the video.)
The Safe Start Center also has a caregiver guide with signs and symptoms that pediatricians and their staff can give to families. These publications are available online or in hard copy at our resource center at www.safestartcenter.org.
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Pew Announces Funding for Home Visiting Research
October, 2009
The Pew Home Visiting Campaign is requesting applications for funding related to research and evaluation of home visiting services. The goal is to build the research evidence needed to inform public policy decisions on maternal, infant, and early childhood home visiting. Pew is interested in both large- ($100,000-$250,000) and small- (less than $100,000) scale research projects spanning 12-24 months, and anticipates awarding 2-3 large-scale and 5-6 small-scale contracts. The deadline for applications will be in mid-December. Interested researchers may also send an e-mail request to be added to the distribution list when the RFP is issued. For questions, contact Grace Lee at glee@pewtrusts.org. To access the application, visit www.pewcenteronthestates.org.
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Congressional Testimony Provided on Programs for First-Time Mothers
Washington, D.C., June 9, 2009
Future of Children author, Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, testified before the House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Income Security and Family Support. She explained evidence for the effectiveness of programs for young, first-time mothers, both in terms of their impacts on the mothers themselves and on their young children. View the testimony. Back to Top
“Legacy for Children” Research Project Initiated
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009
This research project is a randomized longitudinal study to determine if low-income mothers can improve long-term developmental outcomes of their children through increasing their time investment in and quality of parent-child relationships. Current project sites are UCLA and Miami, Florida, and CDC plans to expand to additional sites. Access project information.
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Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies
Atlanta, GA, November 5–7, 2009
At this year's conference, "The Power of Change," participants will address issues related to civic and character education, crisis planning, mental and physical health, substance abuse, violence prevention, and other topics. There is no registration fee, however, early registration is recommended as space is limited. Registration deadline is July 10, 2009. Access conference information.
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Preserving Child Maltreatment Prevention During a Time of Economic Crisis: A Research & Policy Conference
Princeton, NJ, November 13th, 2009
The Future of Children is co-sponsoring this day-long symposium. Speakers are contributors to the October issue on preventing child maltreatment. Topics incude parenting programs, home-visiting programs, and ways for child protective service agencies to ramp up prevention efforts. The conference is free of charge. Access conference information.
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National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) Annual Conference & Expo
Washington, DC, November 18–21, 2009
This conference is for Head Start, preschool and K-3 teachers, child care providers, caregivers, researchers, and advocates on a variety of practice and policy topics. Access conference information.
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National Federation of Families for Children's Mental Health Annual Conference
Washington, DC, December 3–6, 2009
The theme of this year's conference is “Families at the Forefront of Promoting Positive Mental Health From Birth to Adulthood.” Access conference information.
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Birth to Three National Training Institute (NTI)
Dallas, Texas, December 3–6, 2009
NTI is a multidisciplinary conference focusing on current research, best practices, and policy issues for infants, toddlers and families. Attendees include professionals working in mental health, early intervention, early care and education, child welfare, family support, social services, and health care. Access conference information.
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National Head Start Association Parent Training Conference
San Jose, CA , December 4–8, 2009
This conference is designed for parents and those who work with/on behalf of parents and their children. Workshop topics include developmentally appropriate practices, critical parenting skills, broadening awareness, and resources. Access conference information.
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San Diego International Conference on Child and Family Maltreatment
San Diego, CA, January 24–29, 2010
The purpose of this conference, sponsored by Chadwick Center for Children and Families, is to develop and enhance professional skills and knowledge in the prevention, recognition, assessment and treatment of all forms of maltreatment and to enhance investigative and legal skills. Topics include support for families, prevention, leadership, policy making and translating research into action. Access conference information.
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Child Welfare League National Conference, Children 2010: Leading a New Era
Washington, DC, January 25–27, 2010
This conference will feature at least 50 workshops, two keynote presentations, and a number of networking opportunities. Presentations will highlight evidence-based strategies and successful implementation models. Access conference information.
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Chicago Safe Start
Office of Violence Prevention, Chicago Department of Public Health
The Chicago Safe Start team, part of the Health Department's Office of Violence Prevention, provides awareness and understanding of how children are affected when exposed to violence and trauma and works with community members and service systems to raise awareness of the need to prevent and reduce children's exposure. Services include a monthly e-brief; leadership and training for consumers, service providers, and policy leaders; a Web site with reference lists, lists of children's books, public awareness materials, and other resources; monitoring and assessing the impact of efforts to prevent and reduce the impact of children's exposure to violence; and local stakeholder meetings, including convening a collaborative of leading professionals and consumers as a central mechanism for program leadership, strategic planning, and policy advocacy.
For more information about Chicago Safe Start, visit www.chicagosafestart.net.
Chicago Safe Start was originally one of the Safe Start Demonstration communities funded by OJJDP from 2000 to 2006. Visit www.safestartcenter.org for information about the Safe Start initiative and findings from the Demonstration communities.
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Attorney General Speaks About Safe Start
In a speech to the American Academy of Pediatrics on October 19, 2009, Attorney General Holder mentioned two new Safe Start Center publications, Moving From Knowledge to Practice: Issue Brief #2 Pediatric Health Care Settings and Healing the Invisible Wounds: Children's Exposure to Violence – A Guide for Families. He also cited the work being done at Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Start Promising Approaches site at St. Barnabas Hospital in Bronx, New York. View the speech.
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Safe Start Center Has a New Web Site!
Multiple audiences can now find up-to-date information about the impact on children and families of exposure to community and family violence. Resources include evidence-based practice innovations, research findings, the Safe Start initiative, and related resources. You can also follow us on Twitter, Facebook and YouTube. Visit us at www.safestartcenter.org.
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Moving From Evidence to Action: The Safe Start Center Series on Children Exposed to Violence
Safe Start Center, 2009
The Safe Start Center recently published its first two issue briefs in the new Moving From Evidence to Action: The Safe Start Center Series on Children Exposed to Violence. This new series was developed in response to the urgent need to translate research-based information on treating children's exposure to violence and disseminate it to practitioners working in different systems and settings (pediatric care, schools, child welfare, domestic violence, homeless shelters, transitional housing, and fatherhood programs). The series provides practical, how-to information and tools that frontline practitioners, managers, and administrators can use to address this critical issue in a coordinated manner.
Issue Brief #1 Understanding Children's Exposure to Violence assists practitioners in understanding the impact of exposure to violence in the development of children as well as the environmental and family factors that may provide a buffer and prevent or reduce the impact of exposure to violence. Topics include key elements in designing and implementing comprehensive programs that enhance resilience, decrease risks, and provide specialized treatments to children exposed to violence and their families, and strategies for creating a coordinated system of care.
Issue Brief #2 Pediatric Care Settings presents strategies that health professionals can use to screen families for health and social risks (including exposure to violence), educate parents, and refer families to services to prevent or treat emotional or behavioral problems of children that may result from exposure to violence. These strategies can be implemented in inpatient and outpatient healthcare delivery systems and in healthcare settings such as the Special Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and home visiting programs, where children are seen at multiple points during their childhood and adolescence.
Visit the Safe Start Center Web site at www.safestartcenter.org to download the issue briefs.
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Communities Working Together to Help Children Exposed to Violence: Findings From Phase I of the Safe Start Initiative
Safe Start Center, 2009
Phase I of the Safe Start Initiative was implemented in 11 communities over five years, beginning in 2000. Local communities developed and tested strategies to reduce the impact of childhood exposure to violence, forming cross-disciplinary partnerships to transform local service delivery systems. This fact sheet presents findings from national and local evaluators that examined child and family and systems-level outcomes, and discusses policy and practice implications of the findings. Download the fact sheet.
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Children's Exposure to Violence: A Comprehensive National Survey
D. Finkelhor, H. Turner, R. Ormrod, S. Hamby, and K. Kracke, October 2009
Conducted between January and May 2008, this is the most comprehensive nationwide survey of the incidence and prevalence of children's exposure to violence to date. The survey was sponsored by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Researchers measured direct and indirect exposure to violence in the home, school, and community across all age groups from birth to age 17, and measured the cumulative exposure to violence over the child's lifetime. More than 60 percent of the children surveyed had been exposed to violence within the past year, and multiple victimizations were experienced by many children. Download a report of the survey.
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ONLINE RESOURCES/PUBLICATIONS |
Child Development Tips for Parents Online
Family Violence Prevention Fund, 2009
This curriculum guide by the Family Violence Prevention Fund, is designed to empower teachers and others who work with youth to use literature, or any medium of popular culture, to educate youth about relationship and family violence. Additional materials include information about approaching the issue of violence with teens, a resource library, lesson plans, an online program evaluation, videos and a mini magazine. Access the curriculum.
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Lessons from Literature Online Curriculum
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009
This curriculum guide, by the Family Violence Prevention Fund, is designed to empower teachers and others who work with youth to use literature, or any medium of popular culture, to educate youth about relationship and family violence. Additional materials include information about approaching the issue of violence with teens, a resource library, lesson plans, an online program evaluation, videos and a min-magazine. Access the curriculum.
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Choose Respect – Web Site for Teens and Young Adults
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009
This is a CDC initiative to provide adolescents with activities to challenge harmful beliefs about dating abuse and to form respectful relationships. Resources include “Dating Bill of Rights and Responsibilities” and “Choose Respect Success Stories”, 10 cities' strategies for spreading the message of respect. Access the Web site.
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A Blueprint for Responding to Children Exposed to Domestic Violence in Pediatric Health Care
Institute for Safe Families, Philadelphia 2006
This document describes a community systems change process to develop a citywide system of integrated care for children exposed to domestic violence using pediatric health care as the focal point. The report documents a needs assessment, creation of a Pediatric Collaborative, and development of on-site domestic violence and child mental health resources at pediatric sites. View the Blueprint.
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Building a Model Framework for Child Welfare Supervision
P. Hess et al., 2009
Published by the National Resource Center for Family-Centered Practice and Permanency Planning and the National Child Welfare Resource Center for Organizational Improvement, the authors provide strategies for supporting supervisors. The report includes 7 elements of an emerging model of supervision in child welfare; 4 organizational components; and resources for implementing the recommendations. Download the report.
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Childhood Poverty, Chronic Stress, and Adult Working Memory
G. W. Evans and M. A. Schamberg, March 2009
The authors studied the levels of stress hormones, blood pressure and body mass (allostatic load) in children at ages nine, 13 and 17, and measured working memory at age 17. They find that chronic stress from growing up in poverty can affect a child's brain and diminish a child's ability to develop language, reading and problem-solving skills. The longer children lived in poverty, the higher their allostatic load and the lower their working memory. Children who spent their entire childhoods in poverty scored about 20 percent lower on working memory tests than children who were never poor. View the study.
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Closing the Quality Chasm in Child Abuse Treatment, Volume II: Partnering with Youth and Families in Mental Health Treatment for Child Abuse
Chadwick Center for Children and Families, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, 2009
This is a resource for mental health treatment providers and agency administrators interested in integrating the involvement of youth and families into their service delivery system for child abuse. Topics include recommendations; barriers and strategies to overcome barriers; national and state resources; and examples of communities doing this work. Download the document.
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Connect: Supporting Children Exposed to Domestic Violence – In-service Training for Resource Families, a Trainer's Guide & Tools
Family Violence Prevention Fund, 2009
This is a three hour curriculum, Power Point presentation and related tools for use in child welfare settings with foster parents, kin caregivers, and adoptive parents with all levels of experience in caring for children who have been exposed to domestic violence, or who may have cause to care for these children in the future. Topics include a basic training session on the dynamics of domestic violence, the impact of exposure to domestic violence on children, and strategies for supporting children who have been exposed to violence. Download the curriculum.
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Guide for Preventing and Responding to School Violence: 2nd Edition
International Association of Chiefs of Police, 2009
This guide, updated in 2009, addresses both prevention and intervention from a systemic view, clarifying the roles of the school, the community, families, law enforcement and the justice system and how these groups can work together effectively to respond to the problem. Topics include threat assessment, crisis planning during and after a crisis, legal issues, and working with the media. Download the guide.
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Healthy Beginnings, Healthy Futures: A Judge's Guide
American Bar Association, Center on Children and the Law, 2009
Produced by the American Bar Association, Center on Children and the Law in collaboration with the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges and the Zero to Three National Policy Center, this guide for judges addresses the health needs of very young children in the child welfare system. The authors review current research on physical health, child development, attachment, infant mental health, early care and education, and provide tools to help judges promote better outcomes for babies, toddlers, and preschoolers. View the guide.
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Home Visiting: Resource Brief
Maternal and Child Health Library at Georgetown University, July 2009
This brief contains information about home visitation programs for pregnant women and families with new infants and young children. Resources include issue briefs; research findings; policy statements; state and local program guidelines; education materials; program development; core competencies; supervision; evaluation; and training. A guide for educating parents about infant safe sleep is provided. Download the brief.
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Improving Care Coordination, Case Management, and Linkages to Service for Young Children: Opportunities for States
K. Johnson and J. Rosenthal, April 2009
The authors of this report discuss ways to improve linkages between pediatric primary health care providers and providers of mental health, early intervention, child welfare, and early care and education. Specific strategies include: maximize the use of personnel; undertake quality improvement initiatives; support data, information, and technology; support individualized care plans and cross-systems planning; and key questions to consider when reviewing state policies and financing strategies. Download the report.
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Mental Health Needs of Foster Children and Children At-Risk for Removal
Virginia Child Protection Newsletter, Spring 2009
Topics in this issue include specific mental health problems in this population; essential resources; use of foster care placement by parents to access mental health services; recent legislation and court cases; and resources for effective treatments. Download the issue.
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Permanency or Aging Out: Adolescents in the Child Welfare System
CW 360, Spring 2009
This issue of CW 360 contains an overview of key issues, information for practitioners, current research, and special challenges faced by GLBTQ youth and youth with disabilities aging out of foster care. Download the Spring issue.
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Preventing Child Maltreatment
Future of Children, Vol. 19, No. 2, Fall 2009
This issue presents available research on policies and programs designed to prevent maltreatment and examines the gradual shift toward a prevention perspective. The authors assess whether a range of specific programs, such as community-wide interventions, parenting programs, home-visiting programs, treatment programs for parents with drug and alcohol problems, and school-based educational programs on sexual abuse, can prevent maltreatment. Download the issue.
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Protecting Children in Families Affected by Substance Use Disorders
Children's Bureau, 2009
This manual is part of the Child Abuse and Neglect User Manual Series. Topics include the nature of substance use disorders (SUDs), the impact of parental SUDs on children, role of protective services, screening and assessment, and cross-systems collaboration. Access the online manual.
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The Racial Disproportionality Movement in Child Welfare: False Facts and Dangerous Directions
E. Bartholet
Harvard Law School Faculty Scholarship Series, 2009
This article analyzes the Racial Disproportionality Movement and underlying issues. A central question is whether black children are in fact disproportionately victimized by maltreatment and in need of child protective services, as compared to their general population percentages. Download the policy brief.
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The RESOURCE GUIDELINES: Supporting Best Practices and Building Foundations for Innovation in Child Abuse and Neglect Cases—Looking Back and Moving Forward
L. L. Portune et al., Winter 2009
First published in 1995, the focus of the RESOURCE GUIDELINES is judicial leadership in judicial reform on- and off-the-bench, and the articulation of best practices in the handling of child abuse and neglect cases. This new publication provides an overview of the genesis of the RESOURCE GUIDELINES and how it is being used to support and guide court and systems reform across the nation. Topics include foundational principles for juvenile and family court judges, best practice for cross-system collaborations, and research-based evaluations of court practice and outcomes. Download the document.
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Securing a Bright Future: Infants and Toddlers in Foster Care
Zero to Three, 2009
Infants and toddlers comprise almost one-third of all children who are abused or neglected and are the largest single group of children entering foster care. They are extremely vulnerable to the effects of maltreatment and multiple foster care placements. This brief includes facts, policy recommendations, and a summary of the research on this topic. Download the brief.
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Social Science Rising: A Tale of Evidence Shaping Public Policy
R. Haskins et al. in Future of Children, Policy Brief, Fall 2009
In this brief, the authors trace the course of a recent example of applying evidence to public policy, the Obama administration's recent support for expanding evidence-based home visiting programs. Download the policy brief.
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State-by-State Teen Dating Violence Report Card 2009
Break the Cycle, 2009
In this annual report, the authors assess the way States' civil domestic violence protection order laws address the needs of teen victims of domestic violence. They give good grades to States whose definition of abuse includes lesser offenses (cyberstalking, harassing phone calls), and States that allow minors to file for protection or restraining orders without an adult. Download the report.
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Supervision: The Key to Strengthening Practice in Child Welfare
Cohen, E., Head Start Bulletin, #80, 2009, p. 98-100
Produced by the Center for Advanced Study in Child Welfare, this issue presents the tasks and functions of a supervisor; how supervisors can boost the morale of workers; support for supervisors; the SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan) documentation style; and the supervisor as change agent. Download the issue.
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Supporting Children and Families in the Child Welfare System
Cohen, E., Head Start Bulletin, #80, 2009, p. 98-100
In this article, the author discusses ways staff can help very young maltreated children cope with their feelings and work through their fear and anxieties through daily routines, developmentally appropriate learning experiences, and play and creative activities. Content includes guidelines for helping the child develop new attachments and ways staff can establish a nurturing environment. Download the article.
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Trauma in the Lives of Early Head Start Children
N. Malik et al, Head Start Bulletin, #80 (2009), pp 41-44
In this article, the authors describe signs of trauma in young children and recommend concrete ways staff can support children and interact with caregivers to promote resilience. Download the article.
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Understanding How Racial and Ethnic Disparities Persist in the Treatment of Substance Abuse
Substance Abuse Policy Research Program, February 2009
The authors outline ways in which racial and ethnic minorities differ in the need for treatment and how different groups obtain—or fail to obtain—treatment for their substance abuse problems. Download the policy.
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Will Parent Training Reduce Abuse, Enhance Development, and Save Money? Let's Find Out
R. Barth and R. Haskins in Future of Children, Policy Brief, Fall 2009
This policy brief presents a strategy for testing community-developed parent training initiatives in order to generate knowledge of the feasibility of different approaches to reducing child maltreatment and promoting child development. Download the policy brief.
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The Safe Start Center e-Newsletter is distributed by the Safe Start Center under Contract No. GS-10F-0285K with the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Information and points of view in this newsletter do not imply endorsement by OJJDP, OJP, DOJ, or the Safe Start Center.
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